Hybrid quantum learning with data re-uploading on a small-scale superconducting quantum simulator

Abstract: Supervised quantum learning is an emergent multidisciplinary domain bridging between variational quantum algorithms and classical machine learning. Here, we study experimentally a hybrid classifier model accelerated by a quantum simulator - a linear array of four superconducting transmon artificial atoms - trained to solve multilabel classification and image recognition problems. We train a quantum circuit on simple binary and multi-label tasks, achieving classification accuracy around 95%, and a hybrid model with data re-uploading with accuracy around 90% when recognizing handwritten decimal digits. Finally, we analyze the inference time in experimental conditions and compare the performance of the studied quantum model with known classical solutions.