Polynomials with exponents in compact convex sets and associated weighted extremal functions -- The Siciak-Zakharyuta theorem

Abstract: The classical Siciak-Zakharyuta theorem states that the Siciak-Zakharyuta function $V_{E}$ of a subset $E$ of $\mathbb C^n$, also called a pluricomplex Green function or global exremal function of $E$, equals the logarithm of the Siciak function $\Phi_E$ if $E$ is compact. The Siciak-Zakharyuta function is defined as the upper envelope of functions in the Lelong class that are negative on $E$, and the Siciak function is the upper envelope of $m$-th roots of polynomials $p$ in $\mathcal{P}m(\mathbb C^n)$ of degree $\leq m$ such that $|p|\leq 1$ on $E$. We generalize the Siciak-Zakharyuta theorem to the case where the polynomial space ${\mathcal P}_m(\mathbb C^n)$ is replaced by ${\mathcal P}_m^S(\mathbb C^n)$ consisting of all polynomials with exponents restricted to sets $mS$, where $S$ is a compact convex subset of $\mathbb R^n+$ with $0\in S$. It states that if $q$ is an admissible weight on a closed set $E$ in $\mathbb C^n$ then $V^S_{E,q}=\log\Phi^S_{E,q}$ on $\mathbb C^{*n}$ if and only if the rational points in $S$ form a dense subset of $S$.