Visualizing Self-Regulated Learner Profiles in Dashboards: Design Insights from Teachers

Abstract: Flipped Classrooms (FC) are a promising teaching strategy, where students engage with the learning material before attending face-to-face sessions. While pre-class activities are critical for course success, many students struggle to engage effectively in them due to inadequate of self-regulated learning (SRL) skills. Thus, tools enabling teachers to monitor students' SRL and provide personalized guidance have the potential to improve learning outcomes. However, existing dashboards mostly focus on aggregated information, disregarding recent work leveraging ML approaches that have identified comprehensive, multi-dimensional SRL behaviors. Unfortunately, the complexity of such findings makes them difficult to communicate and act on. In this paper, we follow a teacher-centered approach to study how to make thorough findings accessible to teachers. We design and implement FlippED, a dashboard for monitoring students' SRL behavior. We evaluate the usability and actionability of the tool in semi-structured interviews with ten university teachers. We find that communicating ML-based profiles spark a range of potential interventions for students and course modifications.