ScaffML: A Quantum Behavioral Interface Specification Language for Scaffold

Abstract: Ensuring the correctness of quantum programs is crucial for quantum software quality assurance. Although various effective verification methods exist for classical programs, they cannot be applied to quantum programs due to the fundamental differences in their execution logic, such as quantum superposition and entanglement. This calls for new methods to verify the correctness of quantum programs. In this paper, we present a behavioral interface specification language (BISL) called ScaffML for the quantum programming language Scaffold. ScaffML allows the specification of pre- and post-conditions for Scaffold modules and enables the mixing of assertions with Scaffold code, thereby facilitating debugging and verification of quantum programs. This paper discusses the goals and overall approach of ScaffML and describes the basic features of the language through examples. ScaffML provides an easy-to-use specification language for quantum programmers, supporting static analysis, run-time checking, and formal verification of Scaffold programs. Finally, we present several instances to illustrate the workflow and functionalities of ScaffML.