Random resetting in search problems

Abstract: By periodically returning a search process to a known or random state, random resetting possesses the potential to unveil new trajectories, sidestep potential obstacles, and consequently enhance the efficiency of locating desired targets. In this chapter, we highlight the pivotal theoretical contributions that have enriched our understanding of random resetting within an abundance of stochastic processes, ranging from standard diffusion to its fractional counterpart. We also touch upon the general criteria required for resetting to improve the search process, particularly when distribution describing the time needed to reach the target is broader compared to a normal one. Building on this foundation, we delve into real-world applications where resetting optimizes the efficiency of reaching the desired outcome, spanning topics from home range search, ion transport to the intricate dynamics of income. Conclusively, the results presented in this chapter offer a cohesive perspective on the multifaceted influence of random resetting across diverse fields.