Al$_3$Sc thin films for advanced interconnect applications

Abstract: Al$x$Sc${1-x}$ thin films have been studied with compositions around Al$_3$Sc ($x$ = 0.75) for potential interconnect metallization applications. As-deposited 25 nm thick films were x-ray amorphous but crystallized at 190{\deg}C, followed by recrystallization at 440{\deg}C. After annealing at 500{\deg}C, 24 nm thick stoichiometric Al$_3$Sc showed a resistivity of 12.6 $\mu\Omega$cm, limited by a combination of grain boundary and point defect (disorder) scattering. Together with ab initio calculations that found a mean free path of the charge carriers of 7 nm for stoichiometric Al$_3$Sc, these results indicate that Al$_3$Sc bears promise for future interconnect metallization schemes. Challenges remain in minimizing the formation of secondary phases as well as in the control of the non-stoichiometric surface oxidation and interfacial reactions with underlying dielectrics.