Terminal Phase Navigation for AUV Docking: An Innovative Electromagnetic Approach

Abstract: This study introduces a groundbreaking approach for real-time 3D localization, specifically focusing on achieving seamless and precise localization during an AUV's terminal guidance phase as it approaches an omnidirectional docking component in an automated Launch and Recovery System (LARS). Through the use of the AUV's magnetometer, an economical electromagnetic beacon embedded in the docking station, and an advanced signal processing algorithm, this novel approach ensures the accurate localization of the docking component in three dimensions without the need for direct line-of-sight contact. The method's real-time capabilities were rigorously evaluated via simulations, prototype experiments in a controlled lab setting, and extensive full-scale pool experiments. These assessments consistently demonstrated an exceptional average positioning accuracy of under 3 cm., marking a significant advancement in AUV guidance systems.