A Polynomial Ring Connecting Central Binomial Coefficients and Gould's Sequence

Abstract: We establish a novel connection between the central binomial coefficients $\binom{2n}{n}$ and Gould's sequence through the construction of a specialized multivariate polynomial quotient ring. Our ring structure is characterized by ideals generated from elements defined by polynomial recurrence relations, and we prove the conditions under which the set of polynomial generators forms a Gr\"obner basis. By exploring a specific variation of our ring structure, we demonstrate that expanding and evaluating polynomials within the ring yields both the central binomial coefficients and Gould's sequence. Additionally, we present a method for calculating the binomial transforms of these sequences using our ring's unique properties. This work provides new insights into the connections between two fundamental combinatorial sequences and introduces a new tool for integer sequence analysis, with potential applications in number theory and algebraic combinatorics.