Global Centers in a Class of Quintic Polynomial Differential System

Abstract: A center of a differential system in the plane $\mathbb{R}^2$ is an equilibrium point $p$ having a neighborhood $U$ such that $U\setminus {p}$ is filled of periodic orbits. A center $p$ is global when $\mathbb{R}^2\setminus {p}$ is filled of periodic orbits. In general is a difficult problem to distinguish the centers from the foci for a given class of differential systems, and also it is difficult to distinguish the global centers inside the centers. The goal of this paper is to classify the centers and the global centers of the following class of quintic polynomial differential systems $$ \dot{x}= y,\quad \dot{y}=-x+a_{05}\,y^5+a_{14}\,x\,y^4+a_{23}\,x^2\,y^3+a_{32}\,x^3\,y^2+a_{41}\,x^4\,y+a_{50}\,x^5, $$ in the plane $\mathbb{R}^2$.