Ellis groups in model theory and strongly generic sets

Abstract: Assume $G$ is a group and $\mathcal{A}$ is an algebra of subsets of $G$ closed under left translation. We study various ways to understand the Ellis group of the $G$-flow $S(\mathcal{A})$ (the Stone space of $\mathcal{A}$), with particular interest in the model-theoretic setting where $G$ is definable in a first order structure $M$ and $\mathcal{A}$ consists of externally definable subsets of $G$. In one part of the thesis we explore strongly generic sets. Maximal algebras of such sets are shown to carry enough information to retrieve the Ellis group. A subset of $G$ is strongly generic if each non-empty Boolean combination of its translates is generic. Trivial examples include what we call periodic sets, which are unions of cosets of finite index subgroups of $G$. We give several characterizations of strongly generic sets, in particular, we relate them to almost periodic points of the flow $2^G$. For groups without a smallest finite index subgroup we show how to construct non-periodic strongly generic subsets in a systematic way. When $G$ is definable in a model $M$, a definable, strongly generic subset of $G$ will remain as such in any elementary extension of $M$ only if it is strongly generic in $G$ in an adequately uniform way. Sets satisfying this condition are called uniformly strongly generic. We analyse a few examples of these sets in different groups. In the second part we assume that $G$ is a topological group and consider a particular algebra of its subsets denoted $\mathcal{SBP}$. It consists of subsets of $G$ that have the strong Baire property, meaning nowhere dense boundary. We explicitly describe the Ellis group of $S(\mathcal{A})$ for an arbitrary subalgebra $\mathcal{A}$ of $\mathcal{SBP}$ under varying assumptions on the group $G$, including the case when $G$ is a compact topological group. ...