Extremal decompositions of tropical varieties and relations with rigidity theory

Abstract: Extremality and irreducibility constitute fundamental concepts in mathematics, particularly within tropical geometry. While extremal decomposition is typically computationally hard, this article presents a fast algorithm for identifying the extremal decomposition of tropical varieties with rational balanced weightings. Additionally, we explore connections and applications related to rigidity theory. In particular, we prove that a tropical hypersurface is extremal if and only if it has a unique reciprocal diagram up to homothety.