Flexible Beamforming for Movable Antenna-Enabled Integrated Sensing and Communication
Abstract: This paper investigates flexible beamforming design in an integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) network with movable antennas (MAs). A bistatic radar system is integrated into a multi-user multiple-input-single-output (MU-MISO) system, with the base station (BS) equipped with MAs. This enables array response reconfiguration by adjusting the positions of antennas. Thus, a joint beamforming and antenna position optimization problem, namely flexible beamforming, is proposed to maximize communication rate and sensing mutual information (MI). The fractional programming (FP) method is adopted to transform the non-convex objective function, and we alternatively update the beamforming matrix and antenna positions. Karush-Kuhn-Tucker (KKT) conditions are employed to derive the close-form solution of the beamforming matrix, while we propose an efficient search-based projected gradient ascent (SPGA) method to update the antenna positions. Simulation results demonstrate that MAs significantly enhance the ISAC performance when employing our proposed algorithm, achieving a 59.8% performance gain compared to fixed uniform arrays.
- F. Liu, C. Masouros, A. P. Petropulu, H. Griffiths, and L. Hanzo, “Joint radar and communication design: Applications, state-of-the-art, and the road ahead,” IEEE Trans. Commun., vol. 68, no. 6, pp. 3834–3862, Jun. 2020.
- Z. Wang, Y. Liu, X. Mu, Z. Ding, and O. A. Dobre, “NOMA empowered integrated sensing and communication,” IEEE Commun. Lett., vol. 26, no. 3, pp. 677–681, Mar. 2022.
- W. Lyu, Y. Xiu, X. Li, S. Yang, P. L. Yeoh, Y. Li, and Z. Zhang, “Hybrid NOMA assisted integrated sensing and communication via RIS,” IEEE Trans. Veh. Technol., pp. 1–6, Early access, 2023.
- F. Liu, C. Masouros, A. Li, H. Sun, and L. Hanzo, “MU-MIMO communications with mimo radar: From co-existence to joint transmission,” IEEE Trans. Wireless Commun., vol. 17, no. 4, pp. 2755–2770, Apr. 2018.
- X. Song, J. Xu, F. Liu, T. X. Han, and Y. C. Eldar, “Intelligent reflecting surface enabled sensing: Cramér-rao bound optimization,” IEEE Trans. Signal Process., vol. 71, pp. 2011–2026, May. 2023.
- S. Yang, X. Chen, Y. Xiu, W. Lyu, Z. Zhang, and C. Yuen, “Performance bounds for near-field localization with widely-spaced multi-subarray mmwave/thz mimo,” IEEE Trans. Wireless Commun., pp. 1–1, 2024.
- F. Liu, Y.-F. Liu, A. Li, C. Masouros, and Y. C. Eldar, “Cramér-rao bound optimization for joint radar-communication beamforming,” IEEE Trans. Signal Process., vol. 70, pp. 240–253, Dec. 2022.
- W. Lyu, S. Yang, Y. Xiu, Y. Li, H. He, C. Yuen, and Z. Zhang, “CRB minimization for RIS-aided mmwave integrated sensing and communications,” IEEE Internet Things J., pp. 1–1, Early access, 2024.
- L. Xie, P. Wang, S. Song, and K. B. Letaief, “Perceptive mobile network with distributed target monitoring terminals: Leaking communication energy for sensing,” IEEE Trans. Wireless Commun., vol. 21, no. 12, pp. 10 193–10 207, Dec. 2022.
- Z. Ni, J. A. Zhang, K. Yang, X. Huang, and T. A. Tsiftsis, “Multi-metric waveform optimization for multiple-input single-output joint communication and radar sensing,” IEEE Trans. Commun., vol. 70, no. 2, pp. 1276–1289, Feb. 2022.
- Y. Peng, S. Yang, W. Lyu, Y. Li, H. He, Z. Zhang, and C. Assi, “Mutual Information-Based Integrated Sensing and Communications: A WMMSE Framework,” arXiv e-prints, p. arXiv:2310.12686, Oct. 2023.
- L. Zhu, W. Ma, and R. Zhang, “Movable antennas for wireless communication: Opportunities and challenges,” IEEE Commun. Mag., pp. 1–7, Early access, 2023.
- K.-K. Wong, A. Shojaeifard, K.-F. Tong, and Y. Zhang, “Fluid antenna systems,” IEEE Trans. Wireless Commun., vol. 20, no. 3, pp. 1950–1962, Mar. 2021.
- L. Zhu, W. Ma, and R. Zhang, “Modeling and performance analysis for movable antenna enabled wireless communications,” IEEE Trans. Wireless Commun., pp. 1–1, Early access, 2023.
- W. Ma, L. Zhu, and R. Zhang, “Mimo capacity characterization for movable antenna systems,” IEEE Trans. Wireless Commun., vol. 23, no. 4, pp. 3392–3407, Apr. 2024.
- Z. Cheng, N. Li, J. Zhu, and C. Ouyang, “Sum-Rate Maximization for Movable Antenna Enabled Multiuser Communications,” arXiv e-prints, p. arXiv:2309.11135, Sep. 2023.
- S. Yang, W. Lyu, B. Ning, Z. Zhang, and C. Yuen, “Flexible precoding for multi-user movable antenna communications,” IEEE Wireless Commun. Lett., pp. 1–1, Early access, 2024.
- K. Shen and W. Yu, “Fractional programming for communication systems—part I: Power control and beamforming,” IEEE Trans. Signal Process., vol. 66, no. 10, pp. 2616–2630, May. 2018.
- C. Pan, H. Ren, K. Wang, M. Elkashlan, A. Nallanathan, J. Wang, and L. Hanzo, “Intelligent reflecting surface aided mimo broadcasting for simultaneous wireless information and power transfer,” IEEE J. Sel. Areas Commun., vol. 38, no. 8, pp. 1719–1734, Aug. 2020.
- G. Hu, Q. Wu, K. Xu, J. Si, and N. Al-Dhahir, “Secure Wireless Communication via Movable-Antenna Array,” arXiv e-prints, p. arXiv:2311.07104, Nov. 2023.
- G. Hu, Q. Wu, K. Xu, J. Si, and N. Al-Dhahir, “Secure wireless communication via movable-antenna array,” IEEE Signal Processing Letters, vol. 31, pp. 516–520, Jan. 2024.
Paper Prompts
Sign up for free to create and run prompts on this paper using GPT-5.
Top Community Prompts
Collections
Sign up for free to add this paper to one or more collections.