Quantum steering under constrained free-will

Abstract: Quantum steering is a kind of bipartite quantum correlations where one party's measurement remotely alters the state of another party. In an adversarial scenario, there could be a hidden variable introducing a bias in the choice of measurement settings of the parties. However, observers without access to the hidden variable are unaware of this bias. The main focus of this work is to analyze quantum steering without assuming that the parties freely choose their measurement settings. For this, we introduce the measurement-dependent (MD-)steering scenario where the measurement settings chosen by the parties are biased by an adversary. In such a scenario, we present a class of inequalities to test for MD-steerable correlations. Further, we discuss the implications of violating such inequalities in certifying randomness from quantum extremal behaviors. We also assume that an adversary might prepare an assemblage as a mixture of MD-steerable and MD-unsteerable assemblages and provide a bound on the measurement dependence for the observed correlation to remain MD-steerable.