An Equation of State for Turbulence in the Gross-Pitaevskii model

Abstract: We report the numerical observation of a far-from-equilibrium equation of state (EoS) in the Gross-Pitaevskii model. This universal dimensionless EoS is constructed by relating the turbulent cascade's scale-free spectrum amplitude to the energy flux of the steady state that emerges from the large-length-scale driving of a Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC). Remarkably, this EoS defies the generic predictions of wave-turbulent kinetic theory, even though the cascade spectra are quantitatively well understood within that theory. Finally, we find that the concept of quasi-static thermodynamic processes between equilibrium states extends to far-from-equilibrium steady states.