Charge Density Waves in the 2.5-Dimensional Quantum Heterostructure

Abstract: Charge density wave (CDW) and their interplay with correlated and topological quantum states are forefront of condensed matter research. The 4$H_{b}$-TaS$2$ is a CDW ordered quantum heterostructure that is formed by alternative stacking of Mott insulating 1T-TaS$_2$ and Ising superconducting 1H-TaS$_2$. While the $\sqrt{13}\times\sqrt{13}$ and 3$\times$3 CDWs have been respectively observed in the bulk 1T-TaS$_2$ and 2H-TaS$_2$, the CDWs and their pivotal role for unconventional superconductivity in the 4$H{b}$-TaS$2$ remain unsolved. In this letter, we reveal the 2-dimensional (2D) $\sqrt{13}\times\sqrt{13}$ chiral CDW in the 1T-layers and intra-unit cell coupled 2D 2$\times$2 CDW in the 1H and 1H' layers of 4$H{b}$-TaS$2$. Our results establish 4$H{b}$-TaS$_2$ a novel 2.5D quantum heterostructure, where 2D quantum states emerge from 3D crystalline structure.