Simulation studies on compensation for space-charge-induced half-integer and 3rd-order resonance crossing in HIAF-BRing

Abstract: Space-charge-induced resonance crossing is one notable limitation of beam intensity in high-intensity synchrotrons. This paper proposes a modification to the Resonance Driving Terms (RDTs) to compensate for the combined effects of space charge and magnetic field imperfections under resonance crossing. The new RDTs are named modified RDTs. The effectiveness of the modified RDTs is demonstrated through simulations of half-integer and 3rd-order resonance crossings using the lattice of the High Intensity Heavy-Ion Accelerator Facility Booster Ring (HIAF-BRing). The simulations illustrate that the compensation provided by the modified RDTs significantly suppresses emittance growth and reduces distortion in the phase space.