Proposal to experimentally evaluate the adiabatic condition of quantum annealing in coupled systems of Kerr parametric oscillators

Abstract: Quantum annealing (QA) is an algorithm to find the ground state of the problem Hamiltonian by using an adiabatic time evolution. An approach to evaluate adiabaticity in the experiment by applying spectroscopic techniques has recently been suggested. However, this method requires temporal oscillation of interaction strength during QA, posing challenges for experimental demonstration. Here, we propose an experimental method for evaluating adiabaticity when performing QA with a parametric oscillator with Kerr nonlinearity (KPO). Importantly, our proposal offers a significant advantage by eliminating the need for temporal oscillation of interactions during QA. We investigate its performance through numerical simulations, and we show the feasibility of our method.