Gaps and relative dimensions

Abstract: In this paper, the notion of Fredholm tetrad of closed linear subspaces in a Banach space is introduced. Then the stability of the Fredholm tetrad is proved. After that, the notion of semi-compact perturbation of a closed linear subspace is introduced. Then for a of pair of closed linear subspace of a Banach space such that one is a semi-compact perturbation of the other, it is proved that the relative dimension between them is well-defined. If the perturbation is compact, the relative dimension is stable. Finally the perturbed argumented Morse index is studied.