From zero to figure hero. A checklist for designing scientific data visualizations

Abstract: Biological research spans scales and methodologies, generating complex data visualizations such as images, text, numbers, networks, and maps. With increasingly large and multimodal datasets, effective visualization is essential for efficiently conveying scientific insights. Despite this crucial role, biologist often lack training in data visualization and information design. This work addresses this gap by providing a framework for creating clear, accurate, and impactful visualizations of biological data. It is centered around a checklist that guides biologists through the process of developing publishable figures. The guide and checklist cover key aspects such as selecting appropriate display types, using color palettes effectively, and optimizing figure layouts to communicate complex data. Additionally, the work is supported by evidence from visualization research, ensuring that the checklist recommendations are grounded in established principles. By following this guide, biologists can enhance their visual data presentations, ultimately increasing the impact of their scientific findings on diverse audiences.