Orbital normal forms for a class of three-dimensional systems with an application to Hopf-zero bifurcation analysis of Fitzhugh-Nagumo system

Abstract: We consider a class of three-dimensional systems having an equilibrium point at the origin, whose principal part is of the form (-Dy h(x, y), Dx h(x,y), f(x,y))^T. This principal part, which has zero divergence and does not depend on the third variable z, is the coupling of a planar Hamiltonian vector field Xh(x,y)=(-Dy h(x, y), Dx h(x,y))^T with a one-dimensional system. We analyze the quasi-homogeneous orbital normal forms for this kind of systems, by introducing a new splitting for quasi-homogeneous three-dimensional vector fields. The obtained results are applied to the nondegenerate Hopf-zero singularity that falls into this kind of systems. Beyond the Hopf-zero normal form, a parametric normal form is obtained, and the analytic expressions for the normal form coefficients are provided. Finally, the results are applied to a case of the three-dimensional Fitzhugh-Nagumo system.