Path Loss Modeling for NLoS Ultraviolet Channels Incorporating Scattering and Reflection Effects

Abstract: This paper tackles limitations in existing non-line-of-sight (NLoS) ultraviolet (UV) channel models, where conventional approaches assume obstacle-free propagation or uniform radiation intensity. In this paper, we develop a path loss model incorporating scattering and reflection, and then propose an obstacle-boundary approximation method to achieve computational tractability. Our framework systematically incorporates spatial obstacle properties, including dimensions, coordinates, contours, and orientation angles, while employing the Lambertian radiation pattern for source modeling. Additionally, the proposed path loss model is validated by comparing it with the Monte-Carlo photon-tracing model and analytical integral model via numerical results, which indicate that when obstacle reflection is prominent, an approximation treatment of obstacle boundaries has a negligible influence on the path loss estimation of NLoS UV communication channels.