Terahertz Photonics on a Chip: Monolithically Integrated Terahertz Optoelectronics based on Quantum Well Structures

Abstract: We introduce a monolithically integrated terahertz optoelectronics (MITO) platform that uses quantum well (QW) structures to enable tunable terahertz signal generation and detection on a single chip. Through photomixing in QW PIN photodiodes, the MITO platform achieves terahertz generation and detection with substantially enhanced power efficiency and sensitivity over previous devices. By integrating semiconductor optical amplifiers, lasers, modulators, filters, demultiplexers, and other passive optical components with photomixers using commercially available photonic integrated circuit foundry processes, this platform supports the development of compact, scalable terahertz systems capable of high-speed data transfer, spectroscopy, and hyperspectral imaging. This advancement positions terahertz technology for widespread use, facilitating practical applications across remote sensing, communications, and medical diagnostics within portable devices.