Enhancing Quantum Diffusion Models with Pairwise Bell State Entanglement

Abstract: This paper introduces a novel quantum diffusion model designed for Noisy Intermediate-Scale Quantum (NISQ) devices. Unlike previous methods, this model efficiently processes higher-dimensional images with complex pixel structures, even on qubit-limited platforms. This is accomplished through a pairwise Bell-state entangling technique, which reduces space complexity. Additionally, parameterized quantum circuits enable the generation of quantum states with minimal parameters, while still delivering high performance. We conduct comprehensive experiments, comparing the proposed model with both classical and quantum techniques using datasets such as MNIST and CIFAR-10. The results show significant improvements in computational efficiency and performance metrics such as FID, SSIM and PSNR. By leveraging quantum entanglement and superposition, this approach advances quantum generative learning. This advancement paves the way for more sophisticated and resource-efficient quantum diffusion algorithms capable of handling complex data on the NISQ devices.