Behavior Backdoor for Deep Learning Models

Abstract: The various post-processing methods for deep-learning-based models, such as quantification, pruning, and fine-tuning, play an increasingly important role in artificial intelligence technology, with pre-train large models as one of the main development directions. However, this popular series of post-processing behaviors targeting pre-training deep models has become a breeding ground for new adversarial security issues. In this study, we take the first step towards ``behavioral backdoor'' attack, which is defined as a behavior-triggered backdoor model training procedure, to reveal a new paradigm of backdoor attacks. In practice, we propose the first pipeline of implementing behavior backdoor, i.e., the Quantification Backdoor (QB) attack, upon exploiting model quantification method as the set trigger. Specifically, to adapt the optimization goal of behavior backdoor, we introduce the behavior-driven backdoor object optimizing method by a bi-target behavior backdoor training loss, thus we could guide the poisoned model optimization direction. To update the parameters across multiple models, we adopt the address-shared backdoor model training, thereby the gradient information could be utilized for multimodel collaborative optimization. Extensive experiments have been conducted on different models, datasets, and tasks, demonstrating the effectiveness of this novel backdoor attack and its potential application threats.