Level Up or Game Over: Exploring How Dark Patterns Shape Mobile Games

Abstract: This study explores the prevalence of dark patterns in mobile games that exploit players through temporal, monetary, social, and psychological means. Recognizing the ethical concerns and potential harm surrounding these manipulative strategies, we analyze user-generated data of 1496 games to identify relationships between the deployment of dark patterns within "dark" and "healthy" games. Our findings reveal that dark patterns are not only widespread in games typically seen as problematic but are also present in games that may be perceived as benign. This research contributes needed quantitative support to the broader understanding of dark patterns in games. With an emphasis on ethical design, our study highlights current problems of revenue models that can be particularly harmful to vulnerable populations. To this end, we discuss the relevance of community-based approaches to surface harmful design and the necessity for collaboration among players/users and practitioners to promote healthier gaming experiences.