Excitation spectrum of a double supersolid in a trapped dipolar Bose mixture

Abstract: Dipolar Bose-Einstein condensates are excellent platforms for studying supersolidity, characterized by coexisting density modulation and superfluidity. The realization of dipolar mixtures opens intriguing new scenarios, most remarkably the possibility of realizing a double supersolid, composed by two interacting superfluids. We analyze the complex excitation spectrum of a miscible trapped dipolar Bose mixture, showing that it provides key insights about the double supersolid regime. We show that this regime may be readily probed experimentally by monitoring the appearance of a doublet of superfluid compressional modes, linked to the different superfluid character of each component. Additionally, the dipolar supersolid mixture exhibits a non-trivial spin nature of the dipolar rotons, the Higgs excitation, and the low-lying Goldstone modes. Interestingly, the analysis of the lowest-lying modes allows for monitoring the transition of just one of the components into the incoherent droplet regime, whereas the other remains coherent, highlighting their disparate superfluid properties.