Quantum arithmetic

Abstract: We formalize the quantum arithmetic, i.e. a relationship between number theory and operator algebras. Namely, it is proved that rational projective varieties are dual to the $C^*$-algebras with real multiplication. Our construction fits all axioms of the quantum arithmetic conjectured by Manin and others. Applications to elliptic curves, Shafarevich-Tate groups of abelian varieties and height functions are reviewed.