Gaussian Quadratures with prescribed nodes via moment theory

Abstract: Let $\mu$ be a positive Borel measure on the real line and let $L$ be the linear functional on univariate polynomials of bounded degree, defined as integration with respect to $\mu$. In 2020, Blekherman et al., the characterization of all minimal quadrature rules of $\mu$ in terms of the roots of a bivariate polynomial is given and two determinantal representations of this polynomial are established. In particular, the authors solved the question of the existence of a minimal quadrature rule with one prescribed node, leaving open the extension to more prescribed nodes. In this paper, we solve this problem using moment theory as the main tool.