Predicting Spin-Dependent Coulomb Interaction Based on the Yang-Mills Equations

Abstract: The standard Coulomb interaction is one of four fundamental interactions in Nature. It is interesting to know how will the standard Coulomb interaction be modified when it meets spin. Since the standard Coulomb potential is a simple but fundamental solution of Maxwell's equations, hence Maxwell's equations can predict the existence of the standard Coulomb potential. The Yang-Mills equations are the natural generalizations of Maxwell's equations from the Abelian potentials to the non-Abelian ones, thus based on the Yang-Mills equations, one can predict the reasonable form of spin-dependent Coulomb potential, which naturally reduces the standard Coulomb potential if without considering the spin. Our work sheds a new light to how to couple spin with fundamental interactions.