Incorporating Backreaction in One-Loop Corrections in Ultra-Slow-Roll Inflation

Abstract: We investigate the one-loop quantum correction to the power spectrum of primordial curvature perturbations in the ultra-slow-roll (USR) inflationary scenario, incorporating the backreaction effect from curvature perturbations. In the spatially-flat gauge, we expand the background inflaton field up to second order and identify the one-loop level backreaction term in the action. Utilizing a gauge transformation, we derive the comoving curvature interaction Hamiltonian in the presence of the backreaction term and calculate the one-loop correction using the in-in formalism. Our results reveal that the one-loop super-horizon corrections previously reported in the literature are canceled by the backreaction contributions. This finding underscores the importance of accounting for the backreaction effects in the analysis of quantum corrections during USR inflation.