Quantum Speedup in Dissecting Roots and Solving Nonlinear Algebraic Equations

Abstract: It is shown that quantum computer can detect the existence of root of a function almost exponentially more efficient than the classical counterpart. It is also shown that a quantum computer can produce quantum state corresponding to the solution of nonlinear algebraic equations quadratically faster than the best known classical approach. Various applications and implications are discussed, including a quantum algorithm for solving dense linear systems with quadratic speedup, determining equilibrium states, simulating the dynamics of nonlinear coupled oscillators, estimating Lyapunov exponent, an improved quantum partial differential equation solver, and a quantum-enhanced collision detector for robotic motion planning. This provides further evidence of quantum advantage without requiring coherent quantum access to classical data, delivering meaningful real-world applications.