Advancements and Challenges in Quantum Machine Learning for Medical Image Classification: A Comprehensive Review

Abstract: Quantum technologies are rapidly advancing as image classification tasks grow more complex due to large image volumes and extensive parameter updates required by traditional machine learning models. Quantum Machine Learning (QML) offers a promising solution for medical image classification. The parallelization of quantum computing can significantly improve speed and accuracy in disease detection and diagnosis. This paper provides an overview of recent studies on medical image classification through a structured taxonomy, highlighting key contributions, limitations and gaps in current research. It emphasizes moving from simulations to real quantum computers, addressing challenges like noisy qubits and suggests future research to enhance medical image classification using quantum technology.