Optimal Control of Covid-19 Interventions in Public Health Management

Abstract: This study explores the application of Pontryagin's Maximum Principle to derive optimal strategies for controlling the spread of COVID-19, leveraging a novel compartmental model to capture the disease dynamics. We prioritize three key criteria: cost, effectiveness, and feasibility, each examined independently to evaluate their unique contributions to pandemic management. By addressing these criteria, this study aims to design intervention strategies that are scientifically robust, practical, and economically sustainable. Furthermore, the focus on cost, effectiveness and feasibility seeks to provide policymakers with actionable insights for implementing interventions that maximize public health benefits while remaining feasible under real-world conditions.