StARS DCM: A Sleep Stage-Decoding Forehead EEG Patch for Real-time Modulation of Sleep Physiology

Abstract: The System to Augment Restorative Sleep (StARS) is a modular hardware/software platform designed for real-time sleep monitoring and intervention. Utilizing the compact DCM biosignal device, StARS captures electrophysiological signals (EEG, EMG, EOG) and synchronizes sensor data using the ezmsg real-time software framework. StARS supports interventions such as closed-loop auditory stimulation and dynamic thermal modulation guided by sleep-stage decoding via advanced neural network models and transfer learning. Configurable with a lightweight EEG forehead patch or wearable sensors like smart rings, StARS offers flexible, low-burden solutions for EEG, BCI, and sleep-enhancement research and applications. The open-source DCM patch further enables customizable EEG device development.