A large-scale complexity-graded dataset of neuronal images and annotations

Abstract: Accurate reconstruction of neuronal morphology is essential for classifying cell types and understanding brain connectivity. Recent advances in imaging and reconstruction techniques have greatly expanded the scale and quality of neuronal data. However, large-scale, standardized annotated datasets remain limited. Here, we present an open, multi-level neuronal dataset covering the whole mouse brain. Using a hierarchical strategy, we divided imaging data from 237 mouse brains into about 13,570,000 standardized blocks, classified into four levels of reconstruction difficulty. With the custom-developed reconstruction platform, we achieved high-precision three-dimensional reconstructions of 9,676 neurons at the whole-brain scale. This dataset will be made publicly available, providing a valuable resource for algorithm development and brain circuit modeling in neuroscience research.