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Fundamental Physics with Pulsars around Sagittarius A$^\star$

Published 13 Aug 2025 in astro-ph.HE, gr-qc, and hep-ph | (2508.09931v1)

Abstract: Searching for radio pulsars orbiting around the Galactic centre black hole (BH), Sagittarius A$\star$ (Sgr A$\star$), represents a holy grail goal for large-area radio telescopes, in particular for the Square Kilometre Array. Follow-up timing observation of such a PSR-Sgr A$\star$ binary system with an orbital period $\lesssim O(1\,{\rm year})$ will bring forward a handful of new tests on different aspects of fundamental physics that are barely accessible with other means. However, mass perturbation in the Galactic centre harms the gravitational cleanness of PSR-Sgr A$\star$ systems. In order to flexibly account for perturbations, a numerical pulsar timing model is gradually being built, which can be used to probe the spacetime around Sgr A$\star$ BH and study the nature of dark matter.

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