Lower Bounds on the Haraux Function

Abstract: The Haraux function is an important tool in monotone operator theory and its applications. One of its salient properties for maximally monotone operators is to be valued in $[0,+\infty]$ and to vanish only on the graph of the operator. Sharper lower bounds for this function were recently proposed in specific scenarios. We derive lower bounds in the general context of set-valued operators in reflexive Banach spaces. These bounds are new, even for maximally monotone operators acting on Euclidean spaces, a context in which we show that they can be better than existing ones. As a by-product, we obtain lower bounds for the Fenchel--Young function in variational analysis. Several examples are given and applications to composite monotone inclusions are discussed.