A Collisional Model Approach to Quantum Phase Sensitivity

Abstract: We investigate how relative phase information, encoded by a single qubit $H\,\varphi\,H$ gate sequence, is reflected in the quantum Fisher information (QFI) under noisy dynamics. Within a collision model framework, algorithmically prepared reservoir units imprint a $\varphi$ dependent signature on the steady state of a probe qubit, which permits a closed form evaluation of the QFI. To corroborate this reservoir based prediction, we perform a device level simulation of the same gate sequence using effective two level dynamics with parameters motivated by transmon devices. In this description the noisy gate segment is modeled by a Gaussian modulated drive evolving under open system dynamics. Across both treatments the resulting QFI profile exhibits the same qualitative dependence on the encoded phase, despite the distinct underlying mechanisms. Beyond conceptual agreement, the steady state perspective provides a tomography free metric for phase fragility that can inform biased noise error correction and guide compiler and pulse choices in near term quantum hardware.