Streamlining resolution of singularities with weighted blow-ups

Abstract: In 2019, Abramovich--Temkin--Wlodarczyk and McQuillan used weighted blow-ups to obtain very fast and functorial algorithms for resolution of singularities in characteristic zero. Recently, Abramovich--Quek--Schober simplified the construction of the centre of blow-up introduced by Abramovich--Temkin--Wlodarczyk in the case of plane curves by using the Newton graph of the defining function. Their work follows the line of Schober's previous polyhedral analysis of the Bierstone--Milman invariant. In this paper, we extend their graphical approach to varieties of arbitrary (co)dimension in characteristic zero. This yields a factorial reduction in complexity in comparison with Abramovich--Temkin--Wlodarczyk, as previously achieved by Wlodarczyk. Our approach builds on the formalism of weighted blow-ups via filtrations of ideals developed and used by Loizides--Meinrenken, Quek--Rydh and Wlodarczyk, and on its interplay with systems of parameters. All constructions and proofs -- including that of resolution of varieties by Deligne--Mumford stacks -- are self-contained.