Mask-Based Window-Level Insider Threat Detection for Campaign Discovery

Abstract: User and Entity Behavior Analytics (UEBA) systems commonly detect insider threats by scoring fixed time windows of user activity for anomalous behavior. While this window-level paradigm has proven effective for identifying sharp behavioral deviations, it remains unclear how much information about longer-running attack campaigns is already present within individual windows, and how such information can be leveraged for campaign discovery. In this work, we study unsupervised window-level insider threat detection on the CERT r4.2 dataset and show that explicitly separating activity presence from activity magnitude yields substantial performance gains. We introduce a dual-channel convolutional autoencoder that reconstructs both a binary activity mask and corresponding activity values, allowing the model to focus representational capacity on sparse behavioral structure rather than dense inactive baselines. Across multiday attack campaigns lasting between one and seven days, the proposed approach achieves a window-level precision-recall AUC of 0.71, substantially exceeding standard unsupervised autoencoder baselines and enabling high-precision operating points with zero false alarms.