OpenTwin: Digital Twin Driven Closed Loop KPM Inference and Control for Open RAN

Abstract: The open radio access network (O-RAN) RAN intelligent controller (RIC) hosts data-driven xApps and rApps to optimize network performance. However, two challenges hinder ML-driven xApp/rApp development: (i) key performance metric (KPM) data scarcity caused by interface latency, and (ii) network disruption risks when testing and validating AI models directly on live networks. We develop OpenTwin, a digital twin framework built on an open-source O-RAN simulator (ns-O-RAN-flexRIC) and KPM streaming via the O1 interface, deployed within the non-RT RIC. OpenTwin uses a two-step ML approach: an XGBoost model that learns time-varying network behavior to generate simulator configuration parameters, followed by a time-aware recursive least squares (RLS) tuner that continuously corrects KPM deviations between the twin and real-world measurements. A deviation-aware scoring mechanism monitors twin fidelity and automatically triggers resynchronization upon detecting network drift. We demonstrate OpenTwin with an energy-saving xApp that validates control policies in the virtual space before applying reconfigurations to the physical network. Experimental results show that OpenTwin mirrors real-world KPMs with up to 96% accuracy and enables the xApp to significantly reduce energy consumption without disrupting live operations.