Evolution of capacity of entanglement and modular entropy in harmonic chains and scalar fields

Abstract: We examine the temporal evolution of the modular entropy and capacity (in particular, the fluctuation of the entanglement entropy) for systems of time-dependent oscillators coupled by a (time-dependent) parameter. Such models, through the discretization procedure, fit into field theory problems arising from quench phenomena or non-static spacetimes. First, we compare the dynamics of the modular and Renyi entropies and derive the form of the modular capacity for the single time-dependent oscillator as well as chains with bipartite decompositions. In the latter case we analyse distinguished periodicities during the evolution and the role of various boundary conditions. Next, we focus on the dynamics of the capacity (fluctuation) of entanglement. We compare the results obtained with the predictions of quasiparticles models; in particular, we obtain a theoretical value of the initial slope of the capacity for abrupt quenches. We study also continuous protocols with the frequency that vanishes at plus (and minus) infinity, including a model in which the frequency tends to the Dirac delta. All the above issues are discussed with the emphasis on the analytical methods.